Tarpan at Varanasi FAQs
For which ancestors is Tarpan specifically offered in Varanasi?
Tarpan is generally offered to the immediate three preceding generations (father/mother line), maternal ancestors, and other departed relatives (siblings, uncles, aunts), Gurus, friends, and even unknown souls (through ‘Sarva Pitru Tarpan’). Performing these rites in Varanasi is believed to benefit all departed souls connected to the performer
Can women perform Tarpan in Varanasi?
While traditionally male-centric, there is increasing acceptance and scriptural basis for women (daughters, daughters-in-law, wives) to perform or participate actively in Tarpan, especially if no suitable male heir is available. Some Pandits in Varanasi facilitate this, possibly with slight variations in the ritual (e.g., using white sesame). Participation alongside male family members is very common
How is the Tarpan ritual typically conducted on the Varanasi ghats?
Guided by a local Pandit (priest), the performer (Karta), after a purificatory bath in the Ganga and wearing appropriate attire (like dhoti for men), usually faces south. Using Kusha grass and a vessel (often copper), they take Ganga water mixed with black sesame seeds (kala til), barley (jau), and sometimes flowers or rice. Reciting specific mantras and the names/gotra of the ancestors, they pour the water offering (anjali) from specific parts of the hand into the Ganga, praying for the satisfaction and liberation of the Pitrus.
When is the best time to perform Tarpan in Varanasi?
- Pitru Paksha: This 16-lunar-day period (usually Sep-Oct) is the most significant time dedicated to ancestors. Performing Tarpan in Varanasi during Pitru Paksha is highly meritorious.
- Mahalaya Amavasya: The last day of Pitru Paksha is considered the most potent day for Tarpan.
- Amavasya (New Moon): Every new moon day is auspicious for Tarpan, as the connection with ancestors is believed to be stronger.
- Daily: Due to the perennial sanctity of Kashi and Ganga, many devout Hindus perform daily Tarpan after their morning bath at the ghats.
- Death Anniversary (Tithi): Performing Tarpan on the specific lunar day corresponding to the ancestor’s death.
How does Tarpan in Varanasi different from Tarpan in Gaya?
Gaya: Primarily renowned for Pind Daan and Shraddha, specifically linked to the boon granted to Gayasur and Lord Vishnu’s footprint (Vishnupad), ensuring direct liberation (Mukti/Moksha) for ancestors offered Pindas there. The Phalgu River is central.
Varanasi: Significance stems from being Lord Shiva’s city (Kashi), a powerful Moksha-Kshetra, and the presence of the holy Ganga. Tarpan here focuses on purification, seeking Shiva’s grace, and leveraging the inherent liberation energy of Kashi and the Ganga for ancestral peace and eventual Moksha. While Pind Daan is also done, Gaya holds the supreme position for that specific rite.
What is the role of the Ganga River in Varanasi Tarpan rituals?
The Ganga is central to Tarpan in Varanasi. She is considered a purifier of sins and a direct conduit to the divine. Offering Tarpan water into the Ganga is believed to directly reach the ancestors, quenching their spiritual thirst and washing away negative karmas. Taking a holy dip (snan) in the Ganga before or after Tarpan is an essential part of the purification process
Can Tarpan be performed in Varanasi throughout the year?
Yes, unlike some specific ritual periods, the sacredness of Varanasi and the Ganga allows for Tarpan to be performed effectively on any day of the year. Pilgrims often perform these rites whenever they visit Kashi
How can one find a reliable Pandit for Tarpan in Varanasi?
Pandits can often be found directly at the major ghats (like Dashashwamedh, Assi). One can also seek recommendations from their hotel, local contacts, or reputable pilgrimage service providers (online platforms like Prayag Pandits, Mahatarpan, Devaseva, Yatradham list priests or offer booking services). It’s wise to discuss the procedure and Dakshina (priest’s fee) beforehand.
Which are the most important locations for Tarpan in Varanasi?
While Tarpan can be performed at many ghats along the Ganga in Varanasi, some are particularly favoured:
- Dashashwamedh Ghat: The main and most famous ghat, known for its vibrant spiritual atmosphere and proximity to Kashi Vishwanath Temple.
- Assi Ghat: Located at the confluence of the Ganga and Assi rivers, it’s popular and offers a relatively serene environment for rituals.
- Manikarnika Ghat: Primarily a cremation ghat, but rituals like Tarpan are performed nearby due to its immense sanctity and association with Moksha.
- Harishchandra Ghat: Another major cremation ghat, also considered sacred for ancestral rites.
- Panchganga Ghat: Believed to be the confluence of five rivers, considered auspicious.
- Kedar Ghat: An Important ghat associated with the Kedareshwar Temple.
- Pishachmochan Kund: While not a Ganga ghat, this sacred pond in Varanasi is specifically renowned for rites aimed at liberating souls troubled by untimely deaths or negative influences.
Who is eligible to perform Tarpan in Varanasi?
Traditionally, the eldest son performs Tarpan for his parents and ancestors. In his absence, younger sons, grandsons, great-grandsons, or other male relatives can perform it. The performer should ideally be accompanied by his wife if married