What are the main steps involved in the Shradh ceremony in Varanasi?

While variations exist, the core components usually include:

• Sankalpa: Taking a vow to perform the Shradh with the names and Gotra (lineage) of the ancestors (usually three generations).
• Avahana: Invoking the ancestors to be present and accept the offerings.
• Pind Daan: Offering Pindas (rice balls mixed with barley flour, black sesame seeds, honey, milk etc.) which symbolise the subtle body of the ancestors. This is a central part of the ritual.
• Tarpan: Offering water mixed with black sesame seeds to quench the thirst of the Pitrus.
• Brahman Bhojan/Dakshina: Feeding learned Brahmins or offering them food items and Dakshina (monetary offering). It’s believed ancestors receive nourishment through the Brahmins.
• Pancha Bali: Offering food to cows, dogs, crows, ants, and Devas, recognizing the interconnectedness of all beings.
• Prayer & Visarjan: Praying for the peace and liberation of the ancestors and bidding them farewell.